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SUPPLEMENT II - HEAVY OIL

2.1 HEAVY FUEL OIL (MODELS E-154 TO E-504) 2.1.1 General Statement

All Clayton heavy oil steam generators/fluid heaters require starting and stopping on light oil; therefore, an ample supply of light oil must always be available during startup and shutdown of the machine. In addition, the light oil supply is needed for flushing all heavy oil from the machine’s fuel sys- tem and from the heavy oil heater unit during shutdown procedure. Special handling, storage, maintenance, and proper operation are required when burning heavy fuel oil (other than #2). This supplement is intended as a general guide to aid the installer in the proper preparation of a site that will be using heavy oil. Careful consideration must be given to local codes and requirements when dealing with heavy fuel oil. The installer should observe the standards as established by the National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA), National Electric Code (NEC) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Heavy fuel oil is typically a blend of distillates and residuals or even crudes. To keep the oils from separating in the storage it must be heated to 50° F above the pour point. If the blended oils are permitted to cool they can separate and form a sludge on the tank bottom. (Refer to chart R-8571 for viscosity and temperatures.) 2.1.2 Storage Tanks In order to maintain the temperature in the fuel oil storage tank, the tank has to be heated to a min- imum of 100°–130° F. Tank heaters may operate on hot water, steam, or electricity. If steam or hot water is available for a cold start, they are the more economical method of heating the tank. Normally, the heat- ing coils are placed 6 inches above the lowest level in the tank. It is not necessary to have uniform heating throughout the tank if the oil return is at the opposite end from the pump suction since this provides a pos- itive circulation throughout the tank. Additional heating must be provided with a heater bell at the pump suction point. If steam from the generator system is to be used for tank heating it must be piped to waste.

NOTE All fuel oil storage tanks must be constructed in accordance with local and EPA codes. If an above ground tank is used, it must be insulated with a wa- terproof insulation.

2.1.3 Transfer Pump Fuel oil is pumped from the storage tank to the Clayton fuel pump through an oil transfer pump, owner supplied. This pump should be a positive displacement pump (gear type or similar) and have a capacity of twice the total burner volume. Future steam generation capacity should be considered when sizing this pump. The pump should have the ability to turn over the tanks volume in a week. A suitable fuel strainer must be installed on the suction side of the transfer pump. This strainer will remove foreign

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04/22/2015

Supplmt02_HeavyOil_c.fm