Fluid_Flow_Rules_of_Thumb_for_Chemical

Fluid Flow

11

Condensate

Steam

Vapor APF - (135) ~8 (0.015)~

4.8 (0.468)]

Sat. 615 psia

T, ~

489

489

= 0.045 psi /100 ft

V, ft3/lb 0.7504 0.0202 H, btu/lb 1203.0 474.7

Cameron 8 = 0.05

Liquid APF -(865)18(0.14)~

Sat. 2 1 5 psia

000(1.5)4"8(55.5)]

T V H

388

388

= 0.017 psi /100 ft

2.135

0.018

Cameron 8 = 0.02 Crane9 = 0.01

1199.3 361.9

It, cp

0.015

0.14

Total Pressure Drop

Find:

X - [APL/APG]0.5 _ [0.017/0.045] 0.5 - 0.615

)-0.68

The flash amounts of steam and condensate, lb/hr Individual pressure drops if alone in the line, psi/100 ft Total pressure drop, psi/100 ft

YL 4.6(0.615) -1"78

-

+ 12.5(0.615

+0.65 - 29

Total AP - 29(0.017) - 0.49 psi /100 ft Ruskan7 = 0.28

Sources

Calculations:

1. Ludwig, E. E., Applied Process Design For Chemical and Petrochemical Plants, Vol. 1, Gulf Publishing Co. 2nd Edition., 1977. 2. GPSA Data Book, Vol. II, Gas Processors Suppliers Association, 10th Ed., 1987. 3. Lockhart, R. W., and Martinelli, R. C., "Proposed Correlation of Data for Isothermal Two-Phase, Two- Component Flow in Pipes," Chemical Engineering Progress, 45:39-48, 1949. 4. Perry, R. H., and Green, D., Perry's Chemical Engineering Handbook, 6th Ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1984. 5. Branan, C. R., The Process Engineer's Pocket Hand- book, Vol. 2, Gulf Publishing Co., 1983. 6. Baker, O., "Multiphase Flow in Pipe Lines," Oil and Gas Journal, November 10, 1958, p. 156. 7. Ruskan, R. E, "Sizing Lines For Flashing Steam- Condensate," Chemical Engineering, November 24, 1975, p. 88. 8. Cameron, Hydraulic Data, Ingersoll-Rand Co., 17th Ed. 9. Flow of Fluids, Technical Paper No. 410, Crane CO., 1981.

Flash

Let X - lb/hr vapor Y - lb/hr liquid

X + Y = 1000 1199.3X + 361.9Y = 474.7(1000)

Solving: X - 135 lb/hr Y - 865 lb/hr

Individual pressure drops

APF - - W '8 ~~ /(20, 000 d 48 p)(See "Full Plant Piping" in Section 1, "Fluid Flow")

where

APF = psi/100 ft W = lb/hr ~t = cp

d - i n 9 = lb/ft3